LearnWave
Learn it. Master it.
All booksSign up free
All books

Class 11

Biology

105 lessons in 19 chapters, explained in plain words.

The Living World

  1. Diversity and naming
  2. Classification, taxonomy and systematics
  3. Taxonomic categories

Biological Classification

  1. How classification grew
  2. Kingdom Monera
  3. Kingdom Protista
  4. Kingdom Fungi
  5. Plants, animals, viruses and lichens

Plant Kingdom

  1. Systems of plant classification
  2. Algae
  3. Bryophytes
  4. Pteridophytes
  5. Gymnosperms and angiosperms

Animal Kingdom

  1. Basis of animal classification
  2. Porifera, Cnidaria and Ctenophora
  3. Flatworms, roundworms and annelids
  4. Arthropods, molluscs, echinoderms and hemichordates
  5. Chordates, protochordates and fishes
  6. Amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals

Morphology of Flowering Plants

  1. The root
  2. The stem and the leaf
  3. Inflorescence and the flower
  4. Parts of a flower
  5. The fruit and the seed
  6. Describing a flowering plant

Anatomy of Flowering Plants

  1. The tissue systems
  2. Anatomy of roots and stems
  3. Anatomy of leaves

Structural Organisation in Animals

  1. Organs, organ systems and the frog's body
  2. Frog: digestion, respiration and circulation
  3. Frog: excretion, coordination and reproduction

Cell: The Unit of Life

  1. The cell and cell theory
  2. Prokaryotic cells
  3. Eukaryotic cells, cell membrane and cell wall
  4. The endomembrane system
  5. Mitochondria, plastids and ribosomes
  6. Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella and centrioles
  7. Nucleus and chromosomes

Biomolecules

  1. Chemical composition of living tissues
  2. Metabolites, macromolecules and proteins
  3. Polysaccharides and nucleic acids
  4. Structure of proteins
  5. How enzymes work
  6. Enzyme activity, classes and co-factors

Cell Cycle and Cell Division

  1. The cell cycle
  2. Mitosis
  3. Cytokinesis and the significance of mitosis
  4. Meiosis I
  5. Meiosis II and the significance of meiosis

Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

  1. What photosynthesis is and how we learnt it
  2. Where photosynthesis happens and its pigments
  3. The light reaction
  4. Photophosphorylation and chemiosmosis
  5. The Calvin cycle
  6. The C4 pathway and photorespiration
  7. Factors affecting photosynthesis

Respiration in Plants

  1. Why cells respire, and do plants breathe?
  2. Glycolysis
  3. Fermentation
  4. Into the mitochondrion: the Krebs' cycle
  5. Electron transport and ATP synthase
  6. The balance sheet and the amphibolic pathway
  7. Respiratory quotient

Plant Growth and Development

  1. What growth is
  2. Phases and rates of growth
  3. Differentiation and development
  4. Plant growth regulators and their discovery
  5. Auxins and gibberellins
  6. Cytokinins, ethylene and abscisic acid

Breathing and Exchange of Gases

  1. Respiratory organs and the human respiratory system
  2. How we breathe
  3. Respiratory volumes and capacities
  4. Exchange of gases
  5. Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide
  6. Regulation and disorders of breathing

Body Fluids and Circulation

  1. Blood: plasma and formed elements
  2. Blood groups
  3. Clotting and lymph
  4. Circulatory pathways and the human heart
  5. The cardiac cycle and the ECG
  6. Double circulation, control and disorders

Excretory Products and their Elimination

  1. Nitrogenous wastes and excretory organs
  2. The human kidney and the nephron
  3. How urine is formed
  4. The tubules and the counter current
  5. Hormonal control of the kidney
  6. Micturition, other excretory organs and disorders

Locomotion and Movement

  1. Movement and locomotion
  2. Muscles and the structure of muscle fibres
  3. How muscles contract
  4. The axial skeleton
  5. The appendicular skeleton
  6. Joints and disorders

Neural Control and Coordination

  1. Coordination and the neural system
  2. The neuron
  3. The nerve impulse
  4. Synapses
  5. The brain: meninges and forebrain
  6. Midbrain, hindbrain and brain stem

Chemical Coordination and Integration

  1. Hormones, endocrine glands and the hypothalamus
  2. The pituitary gland
  3. Pineal, thyroid, parathyroid and thymus
  4. Adrenal glands and pancreas
  5. Gonads and other hormone-producing tissues
  6. How hormones act