LearnWave
Learn it. Master it.
All books

Class 12

Political Science: Politics in India since Independence

40 lessons in 8 chapters, explained in plain words.

Challenges of Nation Building

  1. Challenges for the new nation
  2. The process of partition
  3. Consequences of partition and the secular choice
  4. Integration of the princely states
  5. Reorganisation of states

Era of One-Party Dominance

  1. The first general election
  2. Congress dominance, 1952-62
  3. The Congress as a coalition
  4. Opposition parties of the 1950s
  5. The role of the opposition

Politics of Planned Development

  1. Politics and ideas of development
  2. Planning and the Planning Commission
  3. The five year plans
  4. The First Five Year Plan
  5. Rapid industrialisation

India's External Relations

  1. The international context and Nehru's role
  2. Non-alignment and Afro-Asian unity
  3. Peace and war with China
  4. Wars and peace with Pakistan
  5. Nuclear policy and changing alliances

Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System

  1. Political succession after Nehru
  2. The 1967 elections
  3. Coalitions and defections
  4. The split in the Congress
  5. The 1971 election and a new Congress

The Crisis of Democratic Order

  1. Background to the Emergency
  2. Conflict with the judiciary
  3. The Emergency: declaration and consequences
  4. Lessons of the Emergency
  5. The 1977 election and after

Regional Aspirations

  1. Region and the nation
  2. Jammu and Kashmir
  3. Punjab
  4. The North-East
  5. Accommodation and national integration

Recent Developments in Indian Politics

  1. The context of the 1990s
  2. The era of coalitions
  3. The political rise of OBCs and Dalits
  4. Religion, secularism and democracy
  5. From 2004 to 2019 and the new consensus