Water Resources
Water quality and pollution
Name India's most polluted river stretches.
As the population grows, the water available per person keeps falling. Pollution reduces the usable water even further.
Pollutants include micro-organisms, chemicals, and industrial and other wastes. They can also seep into groundwater.
Rivers are usually cleaner in their hilly, upper stretches, and most polluted in the plains, where towns and industries crowd their banks, especially in summer, when the flow is low.
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) monitors water at 507 stations. The Yamuna between Delhi and Etawah is the most polluted stretch.
Laws such as the Water Act (1974), the Water Cess Act (1977) and the Environment Protection Act (1986) have had limited effect. Real change needs public awareness: clean water needs clean habits.
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