Equal Groups
3-digit × 1-digit
Learn to multiply a 3-digit number by a 1-digit number.
In your book, Maths Mela (Chapter 9), big electric autos in small towns can carry 8 passengers each. How many people can travel in 125 autos? That is 125 × 8. Split 125 into hundreds, tens and ones: 100 + 20 + 5.
100 autos carry 100 × 8 = 800 people. 20 autos carry 20 × 8 = 160 people. 5 autos carry 5 × 8 = 40 people. Add the parts: 800 + 160 + 40 = 1000. So 125 autos carry 1000 people.
Kahlu and Rabia are potters. They make clay cups called kulhads for trains, and pack 6 in each box. They have packed 174 boxes. Split 174 into 100 + 70 + 4. 100 boxes hold 600 kulhads, 70 boxes hold 70 × 6 = 420, and 4 boxes hold 24. 600 + 420 + 24 = 1044 kulhads.
Money works the same way. 234 children each give ₹5 for a school mela. 200 × 5 = 1000, 30 × 5 = 150 and 4 × 5 = 20. They collect ₹1000 + ₹150 + ₹20 = ₹1170.
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