Division with a remainder

In your book, Maths Mela (Chapter 9), a factory has 58 wheels for small tempos. Each tempo has 3 wheels. How many tempos can they make? That is 58 ÷ 3. We take away easy groups of wheels and count the tempos.

30 wheels make 10 tempos; 58 − 30 = 28 wheels are left. 15 wheels make 5 tempos; 28 − 15 = 13 are left. 9 wheels make 3 tempos; 13 − 9 = 4 are left. 3 wheels make 1 tempo; 4 − 3 = 1 is left. Can we make another tempo from 1 wheel? No. So the factory makes 10 + 5 + 3 + 1 = 19 tempos, and 1 wheel is left over.

Taking away 10 groups at a time is quick. Chippi the lizard sees 88 cow legs. A cow has 4 legs. 40 legs are 10 cows, leaving 48. Another 40 legs are 10 more cows, leaving 8. 8 legs are 2 cows. So there are 10 + 10 + 2 = 22 cows, with nothing left over.

Sometimes things are left over. A sports store packs 4 shuttlecocks in each box and has 50 shuttlecocks. 40 shuttlecocks fill 10 boxes, and 8 more fill 2 boxes. That is 12 full boxes, and 50 − 48 = 2 shuttlecocks are left over.