Equal Groups
2-digit × 1-digit
Help Radha pack cupcakes and learn to multiply a 2-digit number.
In your book, Maths Mela (Chapter 9), Radha packs cupcakes in boxes of 4. She packs 18 boxes. How many cupcakes? That is 18 × 4. Split the 18 boxes into 10 boxes and 8 boxes. 10 boxes hold 10 × 4 = 40 cupcakes. 8 boxes hold 8 × 4 = 32. Together: 40 + 32 = 72 cupcakes.
A bullock cart needs 8 bamboo rods. How many rods for 23 carts? Split 23 into 20 and 3. 20 carts need 20 × 8 = 160 rods. 3 carts need 3 × 8 = 24 rods. 160 + 24 = 184 rods. So 23 × 8 = 184.
This works for word problems too. Chippi the lizard sees 25 geese and 12 sheep near a pond. A goose has 2 legs and a sheep has 4. Geese: 25 × 2 = 50 legs. Sheep: 12 × 4 = 40 + 8 = 48 legs. Chippi sees 50 + 48 = 98 legs.
Always split the number of groups into tens and ones, multiply each part, and then add the parts.
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