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Class 11

Geography: Fundamentals of Physical Geography

65 lessons in 14 chapters, explained in plain words.

Geography as a Discipline

  1. What is geography?
  2. Geography as an integrating discipline; branches
  3. Physical geography and its importance

The Origin and Evolution of the Earth

  1. The origin of the universe
  2. Stars and planets
  3. Evolution of the earth

Interior of the Earth

  1. How we know the earth's interior
  2. Earthquakes and seismic waves
  3. Structure of the earth
  4. Volcanoes and volcanic landforms

Distribution of Oceans and Continents

  1. Continental drift
  2. Ocean floor and sea floor spreading
  3. Plate tectonics
  4. Movement of the Indian plate

Geomorphic Processes

  1. Shaping the earth's surface
  2. Endogenic and exogenic processes
  3. Weathering
  4. Mass movements
  5. Erosion and deposition
  6. Soil formation

Landforms and their Evolution

  1. Landforms and running water
  2. River erosion landforms
  3. River deposition landforms
  4. Groundwater and karst
  5. Glaciers
  6. Waves and coasts
  7. Winds and deserts

Composition and Structure of Atmosphere

  1. What air is made of
  2. Layers of the atmosphere

Solar Radiation, Heat Balance and Temperature

  1. Insolation
  2. Heating and cooling the air
  3. The heat budget
  4. Temperature and its distribution
  5. Temperature inversion

Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems

  1. Atmospheric pressure
  2. Forces that drive the wind
  3. General circulation
  4. Seasonal and local winds
  5. Air masses, fronts and extra tropical cyclones
  6. Tropical cyclones and severe storms

Water in the Atmosphere

  1. Humidity, evaporation and condensation
  2. Forms of condensation
  3. Precipitation and types of rainfall
  4. World distribution of rainfall

World Climate and Climate Change

  1. Classifying climates
  2. Tropical humid climates (A)
  3. Dry climates (B)
  4. Warm temperate climates (C)
  5. Cold snow forest and polar climates (D, E)
  6. Climate change in the past and its causes
  7. Global warming

Water (Oceans)

  1. The water cycle
  2. Divisions of the ocean floor
  3. Minor relief features
  4. Temperature of ocean waters
  5. Salinity of ocean waters

Movements of Ocean Water

  1. Waves
  2. What causes tides
  3. Types and importance of tides
  4. Ocean currents and their causes
  5. Major currents and their effects

Biodiversity and Conservation

  1. What biodiversity is
  2. Why biodiversity matters
  3. Loss of biodiversity
  4. Conservation of biodiversity