Has and have

On page 47 of your book, Santoor, you read: 'I have come from Jalandhar.' This tells us the coming happened a short time ago, in the recent past. You also read: 'Rita has read all the poems written by Sarojini Naidu.' Rita read them in the past, and that reading still matters now.

This way of speaking is called the present perfect tense. We use it for an action that has just been completed, or for something that happened in the past but still matters now.

To make it, we use has or have, then the past form of the verb. We use 'has' with he, she, it or one person's name: Rita has read, Mr. Joon has bought a new car. We use 'have' with I, you, we and they: I have visited Delhi many times, they have written letters.

Some verbs change a lot in the past form. Draw becomes drawn: 'Onshangla has drawn pictures of ten monuments.' Buy becomes bought, and write becomes written.